怎样区别直接引语和间接引语

直接引语：原封不动的重复第三方的话，为直接引语。间接引语：把别人的话专为自己的表述，称为间接引语。例句：直接引语：他们说：“皇帝死后将成为神。”间接引语：他们说，那个皇帝死后将成为神。改间接引语：1、直接引语是直接引用别人的话，而间接引语则是转达别人说的话，因此，直接引语改为间接引语时，说话人即第一人称“我”要改为第三人称“他”或“她”。如：张童对我说：“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。”改：张童告诉我，他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。2、当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。如：姐姐对我说：“你说得对，我就这样做。”改：姐姐告诉我，我说得对，她就这样做。上面的例句中涉及了第二人称，在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。还应注意，冒号和引号前的内容不变。3、间接引语改为直接引语，第三人称“他”或“她”应改为第一人称“我”，说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。如：老班长告诉我们，他没有完成任务，没把我们照顾好。改：老班长对我们说：“我没有完成任务，没把你们照顾好。”

一、直接引语直接引用别人原句，两边用引号“ ”标出，叫做直接引语。例句：他们说：“皇帝死后将成为神。”二、间接引语用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号的叫做间接引语。例句：他们说，那个皇帝死后将成为神。扩展资料英语中的直接引语与间接引语：（1）、直接引语如果表示客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。（2）、主句谓语为一般现在时，变间接引语时，若主句谓语时态不变仍为一般现在时，从句时态也不变。（3）、直接引语有明确表示时间的词语，变间接引语时，时态不变。（4）、若直接引语中含有could,must,should等情态动词，变间接引语时，时态不变。（5）、直接引述别人原话，叫直接引语。（6）、用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。参考资料来源：百度百科-间接引语参考资料来源：百度百科-直接引语

引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是直接引用别人原句，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话，且不能用引号，这是间接引语。如小明说：“我是一个学生”。以直接引语表达则可以为“小明他说‘我是一个学生"”。以间接引语表达则可以为“小明说他是一个学生”。扩展资料：一、区别直接引语：直接引述别人的话（句子中有“”）。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”（句子中一般无“”）二、解答方式：1、转述句间接引语有作转述句（或第三人称陈述句），就是把别人说给自己的话又说给另一个人.如：小明对我说：“他说他要和你一起玩！就在楼下！”改为转述句（或第三人称陈述句、间接引语）：小明对我说，你（或者是他）说你（或者是他）要和我一起玩！就在楼下！2、陈述句方法与转述句相同。参考资料来源：百度百科-间接引语参考资料来源：百度百科-直接引语

引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语（Direct Speech），即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是间接引语（Indirect Speech），即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。间接引语大都是宾语从句，当直接引语为祈使句，陈述句，疑问句被转换成间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，时间，时间状语和地点状语等都要发生改变。间接引语其实就是我们所说的第三人称转述。扩展资料直接引语变间接引语：1、陈述句的间接引语直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say, tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。The foreigner aid to me, I like Beijing very much.那老外告诉我：我很喜欢北京。→ The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. 那老外告诉我说他（她）很喜欢北京。She said,We are very fond of sports. 她说：我们都喜欢体育运动。→ She said that they were very fond of sports. 她说他（她）们都喜欢体运动。I"ll go over the grammar lesson once again,he said. 他说：我将把语法课再复习一遍。→ He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again. 他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。（that可省略）2、疑问句的间接引语（1）一般疑问句和反意疑问句一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或 whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didn"t know等。句末不用问号。My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music 我老师问我：你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗？→ My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music. 我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。You haven"t been to Beijing, have you asked he. 他问：你没去过北，是吗？→ He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing. 他问我是否去过北京。（2）否定的一般疑问句和选择问句如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时，用whether……or 连接。She said, Don"t you know my telephone number 她说：你难道不知道我的电话号码吗？→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not. 她问我是知道她的电话号码。Do you like this one or that one Tom asked. 汤姆问：你是喜欢这个还是那个？→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one. 汤姆问我是喜欢这个还是那个。（3）特殊疑问句间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。He asked, How do you like it 他问：你觉得怎样？→ He asked me how I liked it. 他问我觉得它怎样。She asked me, What"s the matter with you 她问我：你怎么啦？→ She asked me what was the matter with me. 她问我我怎么啦。How many books do you have she asked. 她问：你有多少本书？→ She asked me how many books I had. 她问我有多少本。参考资料来源：百度百科-直接引语参考资料来源：百度百科-间接引语

一、 什么是直接引语和间接引语。“直接引语”是指在文中直接引用别人的原话。而“间接引语”是用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话。在语文写作中，我们经常会遇到将直接引语与间接引语进行转换的情况。二、直接引语怎样转换为间接引语。直接引语转换为间接引语时，不管提示语在哪里（前、后、中），都应该将提示语写道前面来。例：小明说：“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，”小明说，“我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”小明说。改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。1、标点符号的转换：直接引语转换成间接引语，标点符号遵循“两去两改”的原则。去掉冒号和引号。感叹号、问号都改成句号。例：他笑着问小姑娘：“小朋友，拾到什么好东西？”改为：他笑着问小姑娘拾到什么好东西。2、人称的转换：a、直接引语中出现了第三人称，改写为间接引语时，人称代词不用改变。直接将句子整理通顺即可。例：妈妈说：“小明到外婆家去了。”改为：妈妈说小明到外婆家去了。b、直接引语中出现了第一人称的时候，改写为间接引语时，要将第一人称改为第三人称。例：小云说：“我不玩了。”改为：小云说他不玩了。C、直接引语中出现的是第二人称的时候，要将句中的第二人称改为第一人称。例：妈妈这样说：“是啊，现在你是强者，是勇敢的人啦！”改为：妈妈说我现在是强者，是勇敢的人了。d、直接引语中同时出现了不同人称的时候，就应该根据以上的各项进行改写。例：老师十分和蔼地对她说：“我们为该剧设计了一个旁白，你的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望你担任这个叙述者的角色。”改为：老师十分和蔼地对她说他们为该剧设计了一个旁白，她的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望她担任这个叙述者的角色。

引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是直接引用别人原句，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话，且不能用引号，这是间接引语。如小明说：“我是一个学生”。以直接引语表达则可以为“小明他说‘我是一个学生"”。以间接引语表达则可以为“小明说他是一个学生”。扩展资料：引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ ”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号的叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引语时，句子的结构，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化。

一、指代不同1、直接引语：直接引用别人原句，用引号。2、间接引语：用自己的话来转述别人话，且不能用引号。二、用法不同1、直接引语：直接引语如果表示客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。主句谓语为一般现在时，变间接引语时，若主句谓语时态不变仍为一般现在时，从句时态也不变。2、间接引语：间接引语中，引语的主语要使用宾格，动词要使用不定式，不定式的时态取决于引语、动词发生的时间与主句动词时间的先后性，不定式的性、数取决于间接引语的主语（如前所述，只用宾格）。三、性质不同1、直接引语：以直接引语表达则可以为“小明他说‘我是一个学生"”2、间接引语：以间接引语表达则可以为“小明说他是一个学生”

　　引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语.间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句.直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等. 　　1.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that 引导.例如： 　　She said,“I am very happy to be with you.” →She said (that) she was very happy to be with me. 　　He said,“I will choose a book for my students.” →He said(that)he would choose a book for his students. 　　2.直接引语是一般疑问句时,变成间接引语,由连词whether或if 引导.例如： 　　He asked me,“Do you like watching TV?”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV. 　　He asked,“Are you sure your mother will come?”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come. 　　注意：大多数情况下,if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换,但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether.例如： 　　She asked me whether or not he could do the work./ She asked me whether he could do the work or not. 　　3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的连接词who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where 等引导.例如： 　　He asked:“Where are you to get off,John?” →He asked John where he was to get off. 　　My sister asked me,“How do you like the play?”→My sister asked me how I liked the play. 　　Tom asked me,“Who is the boy over there?”→Tom asked me,“Who was the boy over there?” 　　4.直接引语是祈使句,其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气),tell(一般语气),order (命令语气)或warn,advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成.如： 　　He said,“Please come here again tomorrow.”→He asked me to go there again the next day. 　　“Be careful with the dog.”→He warned me to be careful with the dog. 　　5.直接引语变间接引语时,如果引述动词为过去式,需注意时态的变化：如： 　　1) Betty said,“Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 现在进行时→ 　　Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.-过去进行时 　　2) He said,“I will go to London next week.” 一般将来时→ 　　He said he would go to London next week.过去将来时 　　3) My mother said,“I have already cleaned the house.” 现在完成时→ 　　My mother said she had already cleaned the house.过去完成时 　　注意: 　　1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,主句尽管是过去时态,变成间接引语时,时态仍然用一般现在时态.例如： 　　They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun. 　　2.直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化.如：this→that,these→those,now→then,today→that day,yesterday→the day before,last year→the year before,ago→before,here→there come→go等.例如： 　　He said,“I haven"t seen them today.” →He said that he hadn"t seen them that day. 　　但是,如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方,或在说话的当天,就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等.总之,对这些变化不能机械理解,应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化. 　　3.间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序.

直接引语与间接引语 一． 基本概念 1、直接引语：一字不改地引述别人的话 He said,“I am a student．”(带引号) 2．间接引语：用说话人自己的话转述别人的话 He said he was a student． 二． 直接引语变间接引语（一）（人称变换规则同下） 1．如果直接引语所在的句中的谓语动词是现在时或将来时态,改为间接引语时,时态不变. Eg.He says “I didn"t go to school today.” He says that he didn"t go to school that day . 2．如果直接引语讲述的是客观真理现象,改为间接引语时,其一般现在时不变. Eg.The teacher said ,“The earth is round .” The teacher said that the earth is round . 三．直接引语变间接引语（二） 1．如果说话时间与引述时间不同,即引述某人过去说过的话,则动词时态要作相应的变化即动词时态一律向过去推移一步.（主句为过去式时） 2．变换规则（指的是间接引语中的从句部分） （1）人称的变化 ------ 一随主,二随宾,三不变 （2）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 1〉指示代词的变化 this---- that these----those 2〉时间状语的变化 now---- then,ago---- before,today----that day,yesterday----the day before,tomorrow----the next day,the day before yesterday----two days before,the day after tomorrow----two days later,next week/month,etc.---- the next week/month,etc.last week/month,etc.---- the week/month before 3〉地点状语的变化 here----there 4〉动词的变化 come----go （3）时态的变化 1〉一般现在时-------一般过去时 2〉现在进行时-------过去进行时 3〉现在完成时-------过去完成时 4〉一般过去时-------过去完成时 5〉过去完成时-------过去完成时 6〉一般将来时-------过去将来时 四．变换类型 1．直接引语为陈述句 直接引语为陈述句,用that引导（口语中可以省略）. e．g．直接引语：The teacher told the students,“I will give you a surprise． ” 间接引语：The teacher told the students that she would give them a surprise． 2．直接引语为疑问句（1） 直接引语为一般疑问句时,由whether或if引导,用陈述句的语序 e．g．直接引语：He said to us,“Are you going away today?” 间接引语：He asked us whether/if we were going away that day． 直接引语为疑问句（2） 直接引语为特殊疑问句时,其关联词用相应的疑问代词或疑问副词,其后用陈述语序 e．g．直接引语：She asked,“Who will help me finish the job?” 间接引语：She asked who would help her finish the job． e．g．直接引语：He asked,“What have you done?” 间接引语：He asked what I had done． 直接引语为疑问句（3） 直接引语为选择疑问句,变为间接引语时应用whether…or… e．g．直接引语：“Do you like tea or coffee?” she asked me. 间接引语：She asked me whether I liked tea or coffee． 3．直接引语为祈使句 直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语时将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式.它的否定是在to前加not.它没有时态的变化.其他的变化和直接引语是陈述句的情况相同. e．g．直接引语：I said to her,“Please give me a glass of water.” 间接引语：I asked her to give me a glass of water． 直接引语：He said,“Don"t make so much noise,boys.” 间接引语：He told the boys not to make so much noise. 4．直接引语为感叹句 直接引语若是感叹句,变为间接引语时多采用宾语从句结构,即可用what或how引导,也可用that引导 e．g．直接引语：“ What a clever boy you are!” ,my teacher said to him. 间接引语：My teacher told him what a clever boy he was. My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy.

1 直接引语是直接引述别人的原话,原话用有引号,而间接引语是引述别人的话,不用引号.间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句.直接引语改为间接引语时,应该注意时态的变化： 1.直接引语变为间接引语时,如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语从句的时态保持不变.例如： He says,“I have finished my homework.”→He says that he has finished his homework.She will say,“I"ll do it tomorrow.”→She will say that she"ll do it the next day. 2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态.①一般现在时→一般过去时；②一般过去时→过去完成时；③现在进行时→过去进行时；④现在完成时→过去完成时；⑤过去完成时→过去完成时（不变）；⑥一般将来时→过去将来时.例如： The girl said,“I"m sorry for being late for class.”→The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class. He said to me,“I am writing a letter.”→He told me that he was writing a letter. 3.直接引语如果是客观事实或真理,变为间接引语时,从句时态不变.例如： The teacher said,“The earth moves around the sun.”→The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. 另外,时间、地点、人称等一般要作相应的调整. 直接引语变为间接引语,应注意几种形式： 1．直接引语是陈述句,改为间接引语时,要将这个陈述句改为宾语从句,其连接词要用that(可省略). He said:“We went to the cinema yesterday.”他说：“我们昨日去看电影了.” He said (that) they had gone to the cinema the day before.他说前一天他们看了电影. 注：①人称代词、物主代词、指示代词的相应变化；②时态的相应变化；③时间状语、地点状语的相应变化. 2．直接引语如果是疑问句,改为间接引语时,须将疑问句的语序改为陈述句的语序,其人称、时态等相应的变化同上. (1)直接引语为一般问句,变为间接引语时,须用连词whether或将其引出.如果主句的谓语动词为则将其改为asked . They said to him:“Can you plant wheat and rice in the same field?”他们对他说道：“你能在同一块地里种小麦和水稻吗?” They asked him whether (if) he could plant wheat and rice in the same field.他们问他是否他能在同一块地里种小麦和水稻. (2)直接引语为特殊疑问句,仍用特殊疑问句中的疑问词what,who,when,where ,how等,作为连接词将其引出,构成宾语从句. 3．直接引语为祈使句变为间接引语时,和上面所讲的情况有所不同,要用tell/ask/order sb.(not) to do sth.句型.该句型就是把祈使句中的动词原形改为动词不定式.如果说祈使句的动词为said,就将其改为told,asked或ordered等.如： He said,“Sit down,please.”他说：“请坐.” He asked me to sit down.他让我坐下. 2 现在完成时是表示一直持续做的事.例：我学英语五年了.I"ve been study English for five years.另一种是强调对现在的影响.例：他去伦敦了,他现在不住这儿.He has been to London.He doesn"t live here now. 过去完成时,顾名思义,可以理解为过去的过去,表示以前做的事,现在停下来不做了.例：我以前在这里上过学.I had been study here before.（上学是一个长久的过程,不能用一般过去时代替.） 3 被动语态有很多种的.你说的那两种只不过是时态上的区别.例：一幅用来保暖.

一,直接引语和间接引语的定义:直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语.用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语.直接引语和间接引语专项练习：二,直接引语变为间接引语主要有以下几种情况:1. 直接引语是陈述句2. 直接引语是一般陈述句3. 直接引语是选择疑问句4. 直接引语是特殊疑问句5. 直接引语是祈使句直接引语是陈述句直接引语是陈述句,变成用连词that 引导的宾语从句.句中的时态,人称,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等要做相应的变化学习直接引语和间接引语1.直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）。—“What is it all about?”—“究竟是什么事呢？”—“Nothing serious, just a storm in a teacup.”—“没有什么，大惊小怪而已。”2.间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话，都叫做间接引语。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。He said that his hands were quite full at that moment.他说那时他忙得不可开交。3.直接引语和间接引语的转换1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号，用say that接宾语从句，said后，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。She said, “I am going to the market.”She said (that) she was going to the market.“What an interesting novel!”she said.She said that it was such an interesting novel.2) 转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号。用if/whether接宾语从句，改用陈述句语序。从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。

直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话用有引号，而间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语改为间接引语时，引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变。关键要掌握下列“三要素”。 要素一：陈述句的间接引语——连接词用that，在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, ,等。例如： 1) He said: “I"ve left my book in my room.”→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2) She said: “He will be busy.”→ She said that he would be busy. 要素二： 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等，例如： She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→ She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 1) She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”→ She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 2) 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” → The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. 要素三：祈使句的间接引语——采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 told 即 asked sb. (not) to do sth. ordered warned 注意：引语中的呼语可改成宾语。引语中的please 去掉，动词改为 ask 1) The teacher said to the students, “Don"t waste your time.” → The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 2) The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→ The mother asked Tom to get up early. “五不变” 在直接引语变间接引语时，还要注意以下五种不变的特殊情况。 1． 直接引语如果是客观真理，谚（习）语，变间接引语时时态不变。例如： The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”→ The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”→ My father said practice makes perfect. 2. 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的，变间接引语时，时态保持不变，例如： The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”→ The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. He said, “We are still students."→ He said they are still students. 3． 直接引语如果有明确的表示过去的时间状语，时态不变。例如： He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”→ He told me that he was born in 1978. The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”→ The engineer said he was at college in 1967. 4．直接引语中凡有When， since，while 引导的从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句时态，从句的时态不变。例如： He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” → He said he had studied English since he was a boy. She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.→ She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”→ Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job. 5．如果直接引语中引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引导的虚拟宾语从句，变间接引语时，引语中的主从句时态都不变。例如： He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.→ He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately. She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→ She said he demanded that the girl leave at once. 另外，如果说话人转述自己的话，人称则可不变. 例如： I said to him, “I have finished it.”→I told him I had finished it. 如果就在当地转述, here不必变为there，come不必改为go，如果就在当天转述，则today, yesterday, tomorrow等状语也不必变化。例如： She said to us, I"ll come here tomorrow.”→ She told us she would come here tomorrow.

直接引语和间接引语（Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。例如：Mr Black said, “I"m busy” 布莱克先生说：“我很忙”（直接引语）Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。（间接引语）1 陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此，在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。1）人称的变化a) He said, “I like it very much.”他说：“我非常喜欢它。”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。b) He saidto me, “I"ve left my book in your room.” 他对我说：“我把书放在你的房间里了。”He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。2）时态的变化 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。时态的变化例句 直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I"m afraid I can"t finish this work.”He said that he was afraid he couldn"t finish that work.现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I"m using theknife.”He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May.一般过去时→过去完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.过去完成时不变He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：变化例句直接引语间接引语this-that 这个-那个She said, “Iwill come this morning." She said that she would go that morning.these-those这些=那些He said, "These books are mine."He said that those books were his.now-then现在-那时He said, "It is nine 0"clock now."He said that it was nine 0"clock then.today-that day今天-那天He said, "I haven"t seen her today."He said that he hadn"t seen her that day.yesterday-the day before昨天-前一天she said, "I went there yesterday."She said that she had gone there the day before.tomorrow-the next(following) day明天-第二天she said, "I"ll go there tomorrow."She said that she would go there the next (following) day.here-there这里-那里come-go来-去注：（1）直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：He said, "Light travels much faster than sound."He said that light travels much faster than sound.(2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there,动词come 不必改为go. 如果在当天转述yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变

二、直接引语与间接引语:直接引语和间接引语在句中都作宾语。一字不漏地引述别人的话叫直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。直接引语变为间接引语应注意以下问题:（1）间接引语的引述动词,除了常见的say，tell外,还有ask，add，admit，announce，argue，explain，insist，promise，repeat，reply，suggest，warn等表示说话的动词。这些动词后的宾语从句常用从属连词that引导,这种连词有时可以省略。但当引导词为who，what，which，when，where，how，why等词时，这些疑问代词和疑问副词便不能省略。引述动词大多数可以不变,但有的必须变化,如:“What"s this? ”cried Dr. Sun.→Dr.Sun asked in surprise what that was.（2）时态的转换:①一般来讲,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态要有所变化,使从句时态与主句时态一致。主句为过去式时,一般现在时变成一般过去时,一般过去时变成过去完成时,现在进行时变成过去进行时、一般将来时变成过去将来时等。②有些情态动词没有过去时形式,变为间接引语时,可用原来形式,或用其它方式表示（如E）部分第13题）。③但当主句的谓语是一般现在时,现在完成时和一般将来时态时,或是当直接引语是客观真理（如E）部分第2题）,直接引语的谓语是过去进行时,过去完成时和过去将来时,以及有特定的准确时间和地点状语时,只需调整一下人称和数,去掉引号即可,谓语动词不用变化。（3）句型的变化:①陈述句的直接引语变成间接引语时,将直接引语变成that引导的宾语从句。②一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的直接引语变成间接引语时,要由if或whether引导一个陈述性的宾语从句,省略原有的助动词do，does，did，将动词还原,注意词序不能倒装。如果直接引语是选择疑问句,变成间接引语时用or连接选择部分。反意疑问句应用whether（if）...or not结构（如E）部分第11题）。③直接引语是祈使句时,变成间接引语时要把直接引语变成一个不定式短语（作宾语补足语）,还要加上适当的宾语（如E）部分第4题）。如果是否定的祈使句应在不定式前加上not或never（如E部分第10题）。④特殊疑问句变为间接引语时,一般以原来的wh-词为引导词,用陈述语序。（4）其它变化:①时间状语变化:now→then，today→that day，this evening→that evening，yesterday→the day before，yesterday morning→the morning before，last week→the week before，ago→before，to-morrow→the next day，next week（month/year）→the next week （month/year），the day before yesterday→two days before等。②地点状语变化:here→there。③动词变化:bring→take，come→go。④指示代词变化:this→that，these→those，有时需把this变为it（如E）部分第17题）,these 变为they（如E）部分第18题）。⑤人称的变化:在直接引语中的代词,应根据语境与引述动词的主语或宾语保持一致。当把间接引语变为直接引语时,其时间、地点、人称、句型的变化与直接引语变间接引语相反。

直接引语和间接引语的定义: 直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语.用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语. 直接引语和间接引语专项练习： 二,直接引语变为间接引语主要有以下几种情况: 1.直接引语是陈述句 2.直接引语是一般陈述句 3.直接引语是选择疑问句 4.直接引语是特殊疑问句 5.直接引语是祈使句 直接引语是陈述句 直接引语是陈述句,变成用连词that 引导的宾语从句.句中的时态,人称, 指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等要做相应的变化 学习直接引语和间接引语 1.直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语,直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）. —“What is it all about?” —“究竟是什么事呢?” —“Nothing serious,just a storm in a teacup.” —“没有什么,大惊小怪而已.” 2.间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思,或引用自己说过的话, 都叫做间接引语.间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达. He said that his hands were quite full at that moment. 他说那时他忙得不可开交. 3.直接引语和间接引语的转换 1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号,用say that接宾语从句,said后,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. She said,“I am going to the market.” She said (that) she was going to the market. “What an interesting novel!”she said. She said that it was such an interesting novel. 2) 转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号.用if/whether接宾语从句,改用陈述句语序.从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. He asked,“You are a native,aren"t you?” He asked (me) it/whether I was a native. 3) 转述选择疑问句,去标点符号和引号,接whether...or引导的宾语从句,改用陈述句语序,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. He said,“Is this car Mr.Green"s or Mr.Brown"s?” He asked (me) whether that car was Mr.Green"s or Mr.Brown"s. 4) 转述特殊疑问句,去标点符号和引号,由原疑问词引导宾语从句,改用陈述句语序,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. She said,“Where are you going?” She asked (me) where I was goin

　　作为一种特殊的叙述形态,直接引语能给文本创造出逼真的叙述效果。什么是直接引语语文呢？下面是我整理的什么是直接引语语文，欢迎阅读。 　　什么是直接引语语文 　　引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是直接引用别人原句，这叫直接引语;另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话，且不能用引号，这是间接引语。 　　扩展 　　1、直接引语如果表示客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。 　　2、主句谓语为一般现在时，变间接引语时，若主句谓语时态不变仍为一般现在时，从句时态也不变。 　　3、直接引语有明确表示时间的词语，变间接引语时，时态不变。 　　4、若直接引语中含有could,must,should等情态动词，变间接引语时，时态不变。 　　5、直接引述别人原话，叫直接引语。 　　6、用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。 　　语文中直接引语和间接引语互换的方法 　　1、改变人称，即第一人称(或第三人称)改为第三人称(或第一人称)，如果原句中出现了第二人称，则改为双引号以外的具体人称。 　　2、改动标点符号，冒号与逗号互换，去掉或加入双引号。 　　3、如果遇到问句，则需要改为表示商量的祈使句。 　　4、增删个别词语，保证句子的流畅通顺。 　　一、直接引语转换为间接引语时，不管提示语在哪里(前、后、中)，都应该将提示语写道前面来。 　　例：小明说：“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。” 　　改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。 　　“下雨了，”小明说，“我今天不到奶奶家去。” 　　改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。 　　“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”小明说。 　　改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。 　　1、标点符号的转换：直接引语转换成间接引语，标点符号遵循“两去两改”的原则。去掉冒号和引号。感叹号、问号都改成句号。 　　例：他笑着问小姑娘：“小朋友，拾到什么好东西?” 　　改为：他笑着问小姑娘拾到什么好东西。 　　2、人称的转换：a、直接引语中出现了第三人称，改写为间接引语时，人称代词不用改变。直接将句子整理通顺即可。 　　例：妈妈说：“小明到外婆家去了。” 　　改为：妈妈说小明到外婆家去了。 　　b、直接引语中出现了第一人称的时候，改写为间接引语时，要将第一人称改为第三人称。 　　例：小云说：“我不玩了。” 　　改为：小云说他不玩了。 　　C、直接引语中出现的是第二人称的时候，要将句中的第二人称改为第一人称。 例：妈妈这样说：“是啊，现在你是强者，是勇敢的人啦!” 　　改为：妈妈说我现在是强者，是勇敢的人了。 　　d、直接引语中同时出现了不同人称的时候，就应该根据以上的各项进行改写。 例：老师十分和蔼地对她说：“我们为该剧设计了一个旁白，你的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望你担任这个叙述者的角色。”

直接引语和间接引语 1.直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）。 —“What is it all about?” —“究竟是什么事呢？” —“Nothing serious, just a storm in a teacup.” —“没有什么，大惊小怪而已。” 2.间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话，都叫做间接引语。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。 Mary said that she received a sugar report this morning. 玛莉说她今天早上收到了一封情书。 He said that his hands were quite full at that moment. 他说那时他忙得不可开交。 用法一、如何变人称： 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。 二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如： 1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen 2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如： Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。 三、如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如： He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his. 四、如何变句型： ①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. ②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim. "You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. ③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner. ④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如： "Don"t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. ⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如： He said, "Let"s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如： John said, "I"m going to London with my father." 约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语） John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语） 由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况： 1． 直接引语是陈述句时 间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。 He said , "You are younger than I."-"He said (that ) I was younger than him. 2.直接引语是疑问句时 间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。 （1） 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。 She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?" →She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers. She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven"t you?" →She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film. （2） 选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。 I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?" →I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. (3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。 He asked , "Where do you live?" →He asked me where I lived. 3.直接引语是祈使句时 间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don"t 变为not ）. The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window. His father said to him , "Don"t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open. [注意] （1） 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词 加以转述。例如： He said, "Let"s go to the theatre." →He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre. (2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked. →He asked me to open the window. "Why don"t you take a walk after supper?" he asked . →he advised me to take a walk after supper. "Shall we listen to the music?" he asked. →He suggested listening to the music. 4.直接引语是感叹句时 间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。 She said, "What a lovely day it is !" →She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day. 5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化： （1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时 （2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时 （3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时 （4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时 （5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时 （6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时 [注意] （1） 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun." →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. （2） 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如： He said to me, "I was born in 1973." →He told me that he was born in 1973. (3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： He said, "I"m a boy, not a girl." →He said that he is a boy ,not a girl. (4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： The girl said, "I get up at six every morning." →The girl said that she gets up at six every morning. (5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如： He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ." →He told me that he had taught English since he came here. (6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如： The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation." →The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation. He said , "I could swim when I was only six ." →He said that he could swim when he was only six. 6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化。 指示代词 this ---that these--- those 表示时间的词 now --- then today--- that day this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc) yesterday ----the day before last week(month) --- the week(month) before three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before tomorrow ----the next (following ) day next week(month)--the next(following)week(month) 表地点的词 here --there 动词 bring -- take come --go参考资料：http://www.followtalk.com/information/2006323174407.htm

1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导。例如：　　Shesaid,"Iamveryhappytohelpyou."→　　Shesaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.　　2.直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导。例如：　　Heaskedme,"Doyoulikeplayingfootball?"→　　Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.　　注意：大多数情况下，if和whether可以互换，但后有ornot,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如：　　Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddoitornot.　　Hehesitatedaboutwhethertodriveortakethetrain.　　3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。例如：　　Mysisteraskedme,"Howdoyoulikethefilm?"→　　MysisteraskedmehowIlikedthefilm.　　4.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order等的宾语。例如：　　Thecaptainordered,"Bequiet."→　　Thecaptainorderedustobequiet.　　注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。　　Myteacheraskedme,"Don"tlaugh."→　　Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.　　5.一些注意事项　　(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：　　Theytoldtheirson,"Theearthgoesroundthesun."→　　Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.　　(2)直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。如：this/that→these/those,now→then,today→thatday,yesterday→thedaybefore,lastyear→theyearbefore,ago→before,here→there等。例如：　　Hesaid,"Ihaven"tseenhertoday."→　　Hesaidthathehadn"tseenherthatday.　　注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。　　(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：　　HeaskedLucy,"Wheredidyougo?"→　　HeaskedLucywhereshewent.　　Tomsaid,"Whatdoyouwant,Ann?"→　　TomaskedAnnwhatshewanted.

间接引语 拉丁语语法名词，又叫间接引述，英文为 indirect statement。指用在表述意见的动词 [perception] 之后的一种从句，这种从句并非由主语直接叙述出来，而是通过第三人转述的。实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句，当直接引语为祈使句，陈述句，疑问句被转换成间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，时间，时间状语和地点状语等都要发生改变。 如：他们说：“皇帝死后将成为神。” [直接引语] Dixere:"Augustus post mortem deum factus erit." 他们说，那个皇帝死后将成为神。[间接引语] Dixere Augustum post mortem deum faciendum esse. 间接引语中，引语的主语要使用宾格，动词要使用不定式，不定式的时态取决于引语动词发生的时间与主句动词时间的先后性，不定式的性、数取决于间接引语的主语（如前所述，只用宾格）。如： Consules sentiunt servos non esse liberandos. 执政官们认为奴隶们不该被释放。 主句动词是认为：sentiunt ，时态是现在时。间接引语中的动词是不定式 liberandos esse，是将来时，因为“被释放”的动作是发生在主句动词“认为”之后的。liberandos 的性（阳性）、数（复数）与间接引语的主语servos 保持一致。 当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以使用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来。如果引用原话，被引用的部分就称之为直接引语，反之，则称为间接引语。 这里有两句间接引语。前面一句的动词是 interfectum esse，是不定式的完成时，表示“被杀害”的动作是发生在fama erat [消息到来]之前的；后一句的动词是 vivere， 是不定式的现在时，表示“活着”这个动作与消息到来同步。 [思路分析] 如下 [解题过程] 直接引语和间接引语详解 引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ “标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句（其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定式）。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引语时，句子的结构，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化，如何变化呢? 1、人称的转变 1）直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如： He said，“I am very sorry.” ——>He said that he was very sorry. 2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如： “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.——> My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如： She said to her son, “I"ll check your homework tonight.” ——> She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” ——> He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon. 总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。 2、时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 例如： “I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. ——> She said she was very glad to visit our school. Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” ——> Tom said that they were listening to the pop music. Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” ——> Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?” ——> He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus. “Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. ——> The teacher asked why she had refused to go there. Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” ——> Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.” ——> Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before. He said，“I haven"t heard from my parents these days.” ——> He said that he hadn"t heard from his parents those days. 3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况 1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如： He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out. 2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如： He will say, “I"ll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his best to help me. 3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如： He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994. 4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如： He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——> He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school. 5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如： Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——> Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如： He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect. 7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如： 例如： The doctor said, “You"d better drink plenty of water.” ——> The doctor said I"d better drink plenty of water. He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher. He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——> He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then. The teacher said, “You needn"t hand in your compositions today.”——> The teacher said we needn"t/didn"t need to/didn"t have to hand in our compositions. She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine. 〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好 8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如： Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon. Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor? Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon. 4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化 1）时间状语： 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语 now （then）； tomorrow （the next / following day ） today (that day）； next week （the next / following week / month / year） yesterday（the day before） two days ago（ two days before ） last week /month/ year (the week/month/ year before) this week/month/year (that week/month/ year) 2）指示代词：these 变成those 3）地点状语：here变成there She said, “I won"t come here any more.”——> She said that she wouldn"t go there any more.. 4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take 5、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that, 如： He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” ——>He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I"ll give you an examination next Monday.”——> He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可说told that） 此外主句中的谓语还常有： repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等，又如： He said，“I"m late because of the heavy traffic.”——> He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic. 如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句，第一个连词可以省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。 The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”——> The doctor said（that）I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon. 2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这一点非常重要。 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”——> He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, aren"t you?”——> He asked whether I was interested in English. 3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…. 如： He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”——> He asked me whether I spoke English or French.. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”——> I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如： He asked，“What"s your name?”——> He asked（me）what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”——> He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如： He said，“Be seated, please.”——> He asked us to be seated. “Do be careful with your handwriting.” He said. ——> He told me to be careful with my handwriting. “Never come here again!” said the officer nearby. ——> The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again. “Don"t touch anything in the lab without permission,” the teacher said. ——> The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission. 6）有些含有“建议”——>、“劝告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如： He said, “Let"s have a rest.”——> He suggested our having a rest. He said, “Let me help you.”——> He offered to help me. 7）当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等形式转述。如： “Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. ——>He asked me to open the door. “Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us. ——> He advised us to go out for a walk. 或He suggested we go out for a walk. 8）直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如： She said, “What a lovely day it is!”——> She said what a lovely day it was. 或She said that it was a lovely day. 嵌套间接引语的从句： 如果间接引语当中还镶嵌有另一句从句，则被称为嵌套间接引语的从句，英文叫：the subordinate clause in indirect statement。这时，这样的从句要使用虚拟语气。从句动词的时态与主句动词的时态相关联。如： Dux dicebat militem qui fugisset poenas daturum esse. 统帅曾常说，那个逃跑的士兵将要受到惩罚。 qui fugisset[逃跑] 是一句关系从句，修饰militem “士兵”，由于处在dicebat [说]后面的间接引语当中，因此需使用虚拟语气。间接引语的动词是不定式 daturum esse[将受到]，为将来时，因为动作发生在主句动词“说”之后，而 fugisset [逃跑]为虚拟语气的过去完成时，表示在统帅“说话”之前已经逃走了。 如何把直接引语变间接引语 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。 变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如： 1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen 2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如： Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。 三、如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如： He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his. 四、如何变句型： ①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. ②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim. "You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. ③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner. ④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如： "Don"t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. ⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如： He said, "Let"s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如： John said, "I"m going to London with my father." 约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语） John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）在直接引语变为间接引语时什么时候主句said 等词改为told等词 有规则吗？ <有规则，当情景是一个人对另一个人说时，如I said to him.said 变 told但记住！！ 必须是陈述句才可以.>

一、直接引语变间接引语时，人称代词的变化一般规律是：第一人称→第三人称；第二人称→第一人称；第三人称→第三人称。简记为“二一、一三、三留”。二、时态的变化：直接引语变间接引语时，时态的变化规律是往“过去”相应的时态推移：一般现在时→一般过去时，一般将来时→过去将来时，现在进行时→过去进行时，现在完成时→过去完成时，一般过去时/过去完成时→过去完成时。扩展资料直接引语属下列情况时，时态不作变化：1、直接引语属真理或客观事实时。2、主句谓语动词是现在或将来某个时态。3、直接引语带有具体的过去时间状语时。4、直接引语谓语有情态动词：had better，would rather及need，must，oughtto等时。5、直接引语为虚拟语气谓语时。

引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。如某某说：”某某的原话“－－为直接引语。某某说，作者用自己的话转述某某话的大致意思。－－间接引语

一.直接引语是直接引用他人的话,并用“”隔起来的句子；间接引语就是用自己的话来描述别人的话.e.g.He said to me:"What are you doing?"He said what I were doing.他问我：“你在干什么?”二.直接引语变间接引语应注意时态变化：直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 过去进行时 过去进行时（不变） 三.情态动词变化：can could may might must must/ had to 四.时间状语的变化：直接引语 间接引语 now 现在 then 那时；当时 today 今天 that day 那天 tonight 今晚 that night 那天晚上 this week 本周 that week 上周 yesterday 昨天 the day before前一天 the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 前两天 two days ago 两天前 three days before 三天前 last week 上周 the last week 前一周 tomorrow 明天 the next day 第二天 next week 下周 the next week 第二个星期

小学语文直接引语变间接引语例句如下：1.直接引语是直接引用别人的话，而间接引语则是转达别人说的话， 因此，直接引语改为间接引语时，说话人即第一人称“ 我 ”要改 为第三人称“ 他 ” 或“ 她 ”。如：张童对我说：“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。 ”改：张童告诉我，他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。2.当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法 。 如：姐姐对我说：“ 你说得对，我就这样做。”改：姐姐告诉我，我说得对，她就这样做 。 上面的例句中涉及了第二人称，在改为转述句时就应改为 第一人称。还应注意，冒号和引号前的内容不变。 3.间接引语改为直接引语，第三人称“ 他 ” 或 “ 她 ”应改 为第一人称“ 我 ”，说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。 如：老班长告诉我们，他没有完成任务，没把我们照顾好。改：老班长对我们说：“ 我没有完成任务，没把你们照顾好。”特例：1.小华对小强说：“你明天把钢笔还给我。”小华对小强说，小强明天把钢笔还给小华。2.妹妹对爸爸说：“哥哥让我转告你，它晚上有事不回来吃饭了。”妹妹告诉爸爸，哥哥说他晚上有事不回来吃饭了。3.老师对小丽说：“你知道自己表现得最出色吗？”老师对小丽说，她的表现很最出色。

用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语..间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话， 都叫做间接引语。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。 He said that his hands were quite full at that moment. 他说那时他忙得不可开交。 3.直接引语和间接引语的转换 1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号，用say that接宾语从句，said后，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 She said, “I am going to the market.” She said (that) she was going to the market. “What an interesting novel!”she said. She said that it was such an interesting novel. 2) 转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号。用if/whether接宾语从句，改用陈述句语序。从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 He asked,“You are a native, aren"t you?” He asked (me) it/whether I was a native. 3) 转述选择疑问句，去标点符号和引号，接whether...or引导的宾语从句，改用陈述句语序，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 He said,“Is this car Mr. Green"s or Mr. Brown"s?” He asked (me) whether that car was Mr. Green"s or Mr. Brown"s. 4) 转述特殊疑问句，去标点符号和引号，由原疑问词引导宾语从句，改用陈述句语序，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 She said,“Where are you going?” She asked (me) where I was going. 间接引语是指间接地说别人说过的话，比如：小红说：“我喜欢唱歌”。你要简洁的引用别人说过的话，就要说：小红说她喜欢唱歌。这就是间接引语。是用一个都知道的名句 如“其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也变成了路”都知道是鲁迅先生说的，如果要间接引用此句的话，就可以说成“走自己不寻常的路吧”或用一句大家都知道的话“走自己的路，让别人说去吧”之类的事例，就是间接引用句！希望对你有用！

间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话， 都叫做间接引语。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。 Mary said that she received a sugar report this morning. 玛莉说她今天早上收到了一封情书。 He said that his hands were quite full at that moment. 他说那时他忙得不可开交。直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）。 —“What is it all about?” —“究竟是什么事呢？” —“Nothing serious, just a storm in a teacup.” —“没有什么，大惊小怪而已。”满意望采纳！

1、语文中直接引语改间接引语的方法改变人称。改动标点符号。如果遇到问句，则需要改为表示商量的祈使句。增删个别词语。 2、语文中直接引语和间接引语互换的方法：即第一人称（或第三人称）改为第三人称（或第一人称），如果原句中出现了第二人称，则改为双引号以外的具体人称。冒号与逗号互换，去掉或加入双引号。如遇到问句，则需要改为表示商量的祈使句。

一、如何变人称： 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。 二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如： 1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen 2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如： Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。 三、如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如： He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his. 四、如何变句型： ①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. ②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim. "You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. ③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner. ④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如： "Don"t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. ⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如： He said, "Let"s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如： John said, "I"m going to London with my father." 约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语） John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语） 由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况： 1． 直接引语是陈述句时 间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。 He said , "You are younger than I."-"He said (that ) I was younger than him. 2.直接引语是疑问句时 间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。 （1） 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。 She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?" →She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers. She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven"t you?" →She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film. （2） 选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。 I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?" →I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. (3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。 He asked , "Where do you live?" →He asked me where I lived. 3.直接引语是祈使句时 间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don"t 变为not ）. The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window. His father said to him , "Don"t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open. [注意] （1） 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词 加以转述。例如： He said, "Let"s go to the theatre." →He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre. (2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked. →He asked me to open the window. "Why don"t you take a walk after supper?" he asked . →he advised me to take a walk after supper. "Shall we listen to the music?" he asked. →He suggested listening to the music. 4.直接引语是感叹句时 间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。 She said, "What a lovely day it is !" →She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day. 5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化： （1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时 （2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时 （3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时 （4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时 （5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时 （6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时 [注意] （1） 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun." →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. （2） 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如： He said to me, "I was born in 1973." →He told me that he was born in 1973. (3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： He said, "I"m a boy, not a girl." →He said that he is a boy ,not a girl. (4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： The girl said, "I get up at six every morning." →The girl said that she gets up at six every morning. (5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如： He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ." →He told me that he had taught English since he came here. (6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如： The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation." →The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation. He said , "I could swim when I was only six ." →He said that he could swim when he was only six. 6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化。 指示代词 this ---that these--- those 表示时间的词 now --- then today--- that day this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc) yesterday ----the day before last week(month) --- the week(month) before three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before tomorrow ----the next (following ) day next week(month)--the next(following)week(month) 表地点的词 here --there 动词 bring -- take come --go

引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语.间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语.直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序. 　　1.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that 引导.例如： 　　She said,"I am very happy to help you."→ 　　She said that she was very happy to help you. 　　2.直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether或if 引导.例如： 　　He asked me,"Do you like playing football?"→ 　　He asked me if/whether I liked playing football. 　　注意：大多数情况下,if和whether 可以互换,但后有or not,或在动词不定式前,或放在介词后作连接词时,一般只用whether.例如： 　　She asked me whether he could do it or not. 　　He hesitated about whether to drive or take the train. 　　3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where 等引导.例如： 　　My sister asked me,"How do you like the film?"→ 　　My sister asked me how I liked the film. 　　4.直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时,把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order 等的宾语.例如： 　　The captain ordered,"Be quiet."→ 　　The captain ordered us to be quiet. 　　注意：此种情况的否定句,在动词不定式前加not. 　　My teacher asked me,"Don"t laugh."→ 　　My teacher asked me not to laugh. 　　5.一些注意事项 　　(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,变成间接引语时,时态不变.例如： 　　They told their son,"The earth goes round the sun."→ 　　They told their son that the earth goes round the sun. 　　(2)直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化.如：this/that→ these/those,now→then,today→that day,yesterday→the day before,last year→the year before,ago→before,here→there等.例如： 　　He said,"I haven"t seen her today."→ 　　He said that he hadn"t seen her that day. 　　注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方,就在说话的当天,就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等. 　　(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序.例如： 　　He asked Lucy,"Where did you go?"→ 　　He asked Lucy where she went. 　　Tom said,"What do you want,Ann?"→ 　　Tom asked Ann what she wanted.

、 什么是直接引语和间接引语。“直接引语”是指在文中直接引用别人的原话。而“间接引语”是用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话。在语文写作中，我们经常会遇到将直接引语与间接引语进行转换的情况。二、直接引语怎样转换为间接引语。直接引语转换为间接引语时，不管提示语在哪里（前、后、中），都应该将提示语写道前面来。例：小明说：“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，”小明说，“我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”小明说。改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。1、标点符号的转换：直接引语转换成间接引语，标点符号遵循“两去两改”的原则。去掉冒号和引号。感叹号、问号都改成句号。例：他笑着问小姑娘：“小朋友，拾到什么好东西？”改为：他笑着问小姑娘拾到什么好东西。2、人称的转换：a、直接引语中出现了第三人称，改写为间接引语时，人称代词不用改变。直接将句子整理通顺即可。例：妈妈说：“小明到外婆家去了。”改为：妈妈说小明到外婆家去了。b、直接引语中出现了第一人称的时候，改写为间接引语时，要将第一人称改为第三人称。例：小云说：“我不玩了。”改为：小云说他不玩了。C、直接引语中出现的是第二人称的时候，要将句中的第二人称改为第一人称。例：妈妈这样说：“是啊，现在你是强者，是勇敢的人啦！”改为：妈妈说我现在是强者，是勇敢的人了。d、直接引语中同时出现了不同人称的时候，就应该根据以上的各项进行改写。例：老师十分和蔼地对她说：“我们为该剧设计了一个旁白，你的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望你担任这个叙述者的角色。”改为：老师十分和蔼地对她说他们为该剧设计了一个旁白，她的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望她担任这个叙述者的角色。

关于直接引语改为间接引语怎么改如下：直接引语要加上双引号"",要改成间接引语先去掉双引号,然后再把人称改为第三人称,并保留原意。一.定义：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。一般来说，直接引语放在引号内；间接引语不用引号，用宾语从句来表达。1.直接引语与间接引语的转换，直接引语中的代词变为间接引语时，要根据句意情景进行变化。直接引语中的第一人称一般转换为第三人称或第一人称。例：He said，"I"m hungry."，He said that he was hungry，I said," I won"t go home."I said that I won"t go home，I told Lily," We will donate money to you."I told Lily that we would donate money to her.2.直接引语中的第二人称一般转换为第三人称或第一人称，直接引语中的第三人称仍保持不变。例：Mom said to me:"You can clean your bedroom tomorrow."Mom told me that I could clean my bedroom the next day.Tina told her parents,"Tom is a nice boy.He is always ready to help."Tina told her parents that Tom was a nice boy and that he was always ready to help.二.时态变化，当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。He says:"I gave you a pencil yesterday."He says that he gave me a pencil yesterday.如果主句为过去的某种时态，则间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态。直接引语–间接引语，一般现在时–一般过去时，现在进行时–过去进行时，现在完成时–过去完成时吗，一般将来时–过去将来时，一般过去时–过去完成时，过去完成时–不变，过去进行时–不变例：Tom said," I usually go to school at seven."Tom said he usually went to school at seven.(一般现在时变为一般过去时)

呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ ”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句（其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定式）。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引语时，句子的结构，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化，如何变化呢? 1、人称的转变 1）直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如： He said，“I am very sorry.” ——>He said that he was very sorry. 2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如： “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.——> My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如： She said to her son, “I"ll check your homework tonight.” ——> She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” ——> He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon. 总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。 2、时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 例如： “I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. ——> She said she was very glad to visit our school. Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” ——> Tom said that they were listening to the pop music. Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” ——> Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?” ——> He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus. “Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. ——> 10楼 The teacher asked why she had refused to go there. Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” ——> Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.” ——> Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before. He said，“I haven"t heard from my parents these days.” ——> He said that he hadn"t heard from his parents those days. 3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况 1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如： He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out. 2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如： He will say, “I"ll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his best to help me. 3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如： He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994. 4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如： He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——> He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school. 5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如： Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——> Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如： He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect. 7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如： 例如： The doctor said, “You"d better drink plenty of water.” ——> The doctor said I"d better drink plenty of water. He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher. He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——> He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then. The teacher said, “You needn"t hand in your compositions today.”——> The teacher said we needn"t/didn"t need to/didn"t have to hand in our compositions. She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine. 〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好 8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如： Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon. Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor? Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon. 4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化 1）时间状语： 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语 now （then）； tomorrow （the next / following day ） today (that day）； next week （the next / following week / month / year） yesterday（the day before） two days ago（ two days before ） last week /month/ year (the week/month/ year before) this week/month/year (that week/month/ year) 2）指示代词：these 变成those 3）地点状语：here变成there She said, “I won"t come here any more.”——> She said that she wouldn"t go there any more.. 4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take 5、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that, 如： He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” ——>He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I"ll give you an examination next Monday.”——> He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可说told that） 此外主句中的谓语还常有： repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等，又如： He said，“I"m late because of the heavy traffic.”——> He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic. 如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句，第一个连词可以省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。 The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”——> The doctor said（that）I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon. 2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这一点非常重要。 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”——> He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, aren"t you?”——> 12楼 He asked whether I was interested in English. 3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…. 如： He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”——> He asked me whether I spoke English or French.. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”——> I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如： He asked，“What"s your name?”——> He asked（me）what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”——> He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如： He said，“Be seated, please.”——> He asked us to be seated. “Do be careful with your handwriting.” He said. ——> He told me to be careful with my handwriting. “Never come here again!” said the officer nearby. ——> The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again. “Don"t touch anything in the lab without permission,” the teacher said. ——> The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission. 6）有些含有“建议”——>、“劝告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如： He said, “Let"s have a rest.”——> He suggested our having a rest. He said, “Let me help you.”——> He offered to help me. 7）当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等形式转述。如： “Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. ——>He asked me to open the door. “Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us. ——> He advised us to go out for a walk. 或He suggested we go out for a walk. 8）直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如： She said, “What a lovely day it is!”——> She said what a lovely day it was. 或She said that it was a lovely day. 嵌套间接引语的从句： 如果间接引语当中还镶嵌有另一句从句，则被称为嵌套间接引语的从句，英文叫：the subordinate clause in indirect statement。这时，这样的从句要使用虚拟语气。从句动词的时态与主句动词的时态相关联。如： Dux dicebat militem qui fugisset poenas daturum esse. 统帅曾常说，那个逃跑的士兵将要受到惩罚。 qui fugisset[逃跑] 是一句关系从句，修饰militem “士兵”，由于处在dicebat [说]后面的间接引语当中，因此需使用虚拟语气。间接引语的动词是不定式 daturum esse[将受到]，为将来时，因为动作发生在主句动词“说”之后，而 fugisset [逃跑]为虚拟语气的过去完成时，表示在统帅“说话”之前已经逃走了

引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。写文章时，有意引用成语、诗句、格言、典故等， 以表达自己想要表达的思想感情，说明自己对新问题、新道理的见解，这种修辞手法叫引用。拓展资料：引用，可使所表达的语言简洁凝练生动活泼，增添感染力。如：①我于是就抛了死相，放心说笑起来，而不意立刻又碰了正经人的钉子：说是使他们“失望”了。我自然是知道的，先前是老人们的世界，现在是少年们的世界了；但竟不料治世的人们虽异，而其禁止说笑也则同。那么，我的死相也还得装下去，装下去，“死而后已”，岂不痛哉！（鲁迅《忽然想到》）“死而后已”一语出自诸葛亮《出师表》：“凡事如是，难可逆见，臣鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已，至于成败利钝，非臣之明所能逆睹也。”“死而后已”一般是和“鞠躬尽瘁”用在一起，其本意是：“不怕劳苦地贡献自己的一切直至死，即尽心国家大事，至死才罢休。”作者在这里引用，虽然也有至死才罢休的意思，却不是为了国家大事，而是“装死相”装到死才算完结，反映出作者对那个“愚民的专制时代”的抨击。它使人们装成死相，到处死气沉沉，甚至连说笑一下都不行，毫无半点生气，表现了作者极大的悲愤。后面再加上一个“岂不痛哉”，语气更加沉痛、强烈，大大地增添了文章的感染力，引起读者的共鸣。②夜间人定后……紫鹃停了半晌，自言自语的说道：“一动不如一静。我们这里就算好人家，别的都容易，最难得的是从小儿一处长大，脾气性情都彼此知道的了。”黛玉啐道：“你这几天还不乏，趁这会子不歇一歇，还嚼什么蛆。”紫鹃笑道：“倒不是白嚼蛆，我倒是一片真心为姑娘。替你愁了这几年了，无父母无兄弟，谁是知疼着热的人？趁早儿老太太还明白硬朗的时节，作定了大事要紧。……若娘家有人有势的还好些，若是姑娘这样的人，有老太太一日还好一日，若没了老太太，也只是凭人去欺负了，所以说，拿主意要紧。姑娘是个明白人，岂不闻俗语说：‘万两黄金容易得，知心一个也难求。"”（清·曹雪芹《红楼梦》）紫鹃引用俗语“万两黄金容易得，知心一个也难求”，简明地概括了贾宝玉和林黛玉的爱情是以相互知心为基础的，道出他们爱情的可贵之处，也反映了他们执著痛苦的心情。林黛玉听了这句话后，锥心刺骨，激动万分，彻夜难眠。她这种忧郁悲痛的情绪也感染了读者，吸引了读者，使读者忍不住掩卷叹息他们多难的爱情。可见用一个俗语来概括事情的感染力之大。

引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。Mr. Black said, “I"m busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语）Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语）从上例看来，直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。

引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是直接引用别人原句，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话，且不能用引号，这是间接引语。如小明说：“我是一个学生”。以直接引语表达则可以为“小明他说‘我是一个学生"”。以间接引语表达则可以为“小明说他是一个学生”。扩展资料：一、区别直接引语：直接引述别人的话（句子中有“”）。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”（句子中一般无“”）二、解答方式：1、转述句间接引语有作转述句（或第三人称陈述句），就是把别人说给自己的话又说给另一个人.如：小明对我说：“他说他要和你一起玩！就在楼下！”改为转述句（或第三人称陈述句、间接引语）：小明对我说，你（或者是他）说你（或者是他）要和我一起玩！就在楼下！2、陈述句方法与转述句相同。参考资料来源：百度百科-间接引语参考资料来源：百度百科-直接引语

一,直接引语和间接引语的定义: 直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语.用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语. 直接引语和间接引语专项练习： http://www.dbpower.cn/article_view.asp?id=430 二,直接引语变为间接引语主要有以下几种情况: 1. 直接引语是陈述句 2. 直接引语是一般陈述句 3. 直接引语是选择疑问句 4. 直接引语是特殊疑问句 5. 直接引语是祈使句 直接引语是陈述句 直接引语是陈述句,变成用连词that 引导的宾语从句.句中的时态,人称, 指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等要做相应的变化 学习直接引语和间接引语 1.直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）。 —“What is it all about?” —“究竟是什么事呢？” —“Nothing serious, just a storm in a teacup.” —“没有什么，大惊小怪而已。” 2.间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话， 都叫做间接引语。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。 He said that his hands were quite full at that moment. 他说那时他忙得不可开交。 3.直接引语和间接引语的转换 1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号，用say that接宾语从句，said后，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 She said, “I am going to the market.” She said (that) she was going to the market. “What an interesting novel!”she said. She said that it was such an interesting novel. 2) 转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号。用if/whether接宾语从句，改用陈述句语序。从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 He asked,“You are a native, aren"t you?” He asked (me) it/whether I was a native. 3) 转述选择疑问句，去标点符号和引号，接whether...or引导的宾语从句，改用陈述句语序，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 He said,“Is this car Mr. Green"s or Mr. Brown"s?” He asked (me) whether that car was Mr. Green"s or Mr. Brown"s. 4) 转述特殊疑问句，去标点符号和引号，由原疑问词引导宾语从句，改用陈述句语序，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 She said,“Where are you going?” She asked (me) where I was going.回答者：萍mm - 副总裁 十级 12-31 19:4

直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话用有引号，而间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语改为间接引语时，引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变。关键要掌握下列“三要素”。 要素一：陈述句的间接引语——连接词用that，在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, ,等。例如： 1) He said: “I"ve left my book in my room.”→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2) She said: “He will be busy.”→ She said that he would be busy. 要素二： 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等，例如： She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→ She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 1) She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”→ She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 2) 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” → The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. 要素三：祈使句的间接引语——采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 told 即 asked sb. (not) to do sth. ordered warned 注意：引语中的呼语可改成宾语。引语中的please 去掉，动词改为 ask 1) The teacher said to the students, “Don"t waste your time.” → The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 2) The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→ The mother asked Tom to get up early. “五不变” 在直接引语变间接引语时，还要注意以下五种不变的特殊情况。 1． 直接引语如果是客观真理，谚（习）语，变间接引语时时态不变。例如： The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”→ The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”→ My father said practice makes perfect. 2. 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的，变间接引语时，时态保持不变，例如： The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”→ The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. He said, “We are still students."→ He said they are still students. 3． 直接引语如果有明确的表示过去的时间状语，时态不变。例如： He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”→ He told me that he was born in 1978. The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”→ The engineer said he was at college in 1967. 4．直接引语中凡有When， since，while 引导的从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句时态，从句的时态不变。例如： He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” → He said he had studied English since he was a boy. She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.→ She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”→ Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job. 5．如果直接引语中引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引导的虚拟宾语从句，变间接引语时，引语中的主从句时态都不变。例如： He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.→ He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately. She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→ She said he demanded that the girl leave at once. 另外，如果说话人转述自己的话，人称则可不变. 例如： I said to him, “I have finished it.”→I told him I had finished it. 如果就在当地转述, here不必变为there，come不必改为go，如果就在当天转述，则today, yesterday, tomorrow等状语也不必变化。例如： She said to us, I"ll come here tomorrow.”→ She told us she would come here tomorrow.

、 什么是直接引语和间接引语。“直接引语”是指在文中直接引用别人的原话。而“间接引语”是用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话。在语文写作中，我们经常会遇到将直接引语与间接引语进行转换的情况。二、直接引语怎样转换为间接引语。直接引语转换为间接引语时，不管提示语在哪里（前、后、中），都应该将提示语写道前面来。例：小明说：“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，”小明说，“我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”小明说。改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。1、标点符号的转换：直接引语转换成间接引语，标点符号遵循“两去两改”的原则。去掉冒号和引号。感叹号、问号都改成句号。例：他笑着问小姑娘：“小朋友，拾到什么好东西？”改为：他笑着问小姑娘拾到什么好东西。2、人称的转换：a、直接引语中出现了第三人称，改写为间接引语时，人称代词不用改变。直接将句子整理通顺即可。例：妈妈说：“小明到外婆家去了。”改为：妈妈说小明到外婆家去了。b、直接引语中出现了第一人称的时候，改写为间接引语时，要将第一人称改为第三人称。例：小云说：“我不玩了。”改为：小云说他不玩了。C、直接引语中出现的是第二人称的时候，要将句中的第二人称改为第一人称。例：妈妈这样说：“是啊，现在你是强者，是勇敢的人啦！”改为：妈妈说我现在是强者，是勇敢的人了。d、直接引语中同时出现了不同人称的时候，就应该根据以上的各项进行改写。例：老师十分和蔼地对她说：“我们为该剧设计了一个旁白，你的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望你担任这个叙述者的角色。”改为：老师十分和蔼地对她说他们为该剧设计了一个旁白，她的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望她担任这个叙述者的角色。

“直接引语”和“间接引语”的区别一、定义不同1、引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ ”标出，叫做直接引语。2、用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号的叫做间接引语。二、转换人称不同1、直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：He said，“I am very sorry.”——>He said that he was very sorry.2、间接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：“You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.——>My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.三、句式结构不同1、直接引语的句式结构一般是陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和特殊疑问句。2、而间接引语的句式结构一般是that、if、whether和原疑问词引导的宾语从句。

二、直接引语与间接引语:直接引语和间接引语在句中都作宾语。一字不漏地引述别人的话叫直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。直接引语变为间接引语应注意以下问题:（1）间接引语的引述动词,除了常见的say，tell外,还有ask，add，admit，announce，argue，explain，insist，promise，repeat，reply，suggest，warn等表示说话的动词。这些动词后的宾语从句常用从属连词that引导,这种连词有时可以省略。但当引导词为who，what，which，when，where，how，why等词时，这些疑问代词和疑问副词便不能省略。引述动词大多数可以不变,但有的必须变化,如:“What"s this? ”cried Dr. Sun.→Dr.Sun asked in surprise what that was.（2）时态的转换:①一般来讲,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态要有所变化,使从句时态与主句时态一致。主句为过去式时,一般现在时变成一般过去时,一般过去时变成过去完成时,现在进行时变成过去进行时、一般将来时变成过去将来时等。②有些情态动词没有过去时形式,变为间接引语时,可用原来形式,或用其它方式表示（如E）部分第13题）。③但当主句的谓语是一般现在时,现在完成时和一般将来时态时,或是当直接引语是客观真理（如E）部分第2题）,直接引语的谓语是过去进行时,过去完成时和过去将来时,以及有特定的准确时间和地点状语时,只需调整一下人称和数,去掉引号即可,谓语动词不用变化。（3）句型的变化:①陈述句的直接引语变成间接引语时,将直接引语变成that引导的宾语从句。②一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的直接引语变成间接引语时,要由if或whether引导一个陈述性的宾语从句,省略原有的助动词do，does，did，将动词还原,注意词序不能倒装。如果直接引语是选择疑问句,变成间接引语时用or连接选择部分。反意疑问句应用whether（if）...or not结构（如E）部分第11题）。③直接引语是祈使句时,变成间接引语时要把直接引语变成一个不定式短语（作宾语补足语）,还要加上适当的宾语（如E）部分第4题）。如果是否定的祈使句应在不定式前加上not或never（如E部分第10题）。④特殊疑问句变为间接引语时,一般以原来的wh-词为引导词,用陈述语序。（4）其它变化:①时间状语变化:now→then，today→that day，this evening→that evening，yesterday→the day before，yesterday morning→the morning before，last week→the week before，ago→before，to-morrow→the next day，next week（month/year）→the next week （month/year），the day before yesterday→two days before等。②地点状语变化:here→there。③动词变化:bring→take，come→go。④指示代词变化:this→that，these→those，有时需把this变为it（如E）部分第17题）,these 变为they（如E）部分第18题）。⑤人称的变化:在直接引语中的代词,应根据语境与引述动词的主语或宾语保持一致。当把间接引语变为直接引语时,其时间、地点、人称、句型的变化与直接引语变间接引语相反。

引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语.间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句.直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等. 　　1.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that 引导.例如： 　　She said,“I am very happy to be with you.” →She said (that) she was very happy to be with me. 　　He said,“I will choose a book for my students.” →He said(that)he would choose a book for his students. 　　2.直接引语是一般疑问句时,变成间接引语,由连词whether或if 引导.例如： 　　He asked me,“Do you like watching TV?”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV. 　　He asked,“Are you sure your mother will come?”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come. 　　注意：大多数情况下,if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换,但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether.例如： 　　She asked me whether or not he could do the work./ She asked me whether he could do the work or not. 　　3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的连接词who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where 等引导.例如： 　　He asked:“Where are you to get off,John?” →He asked John where he was to get off. 　　My sister asked me,“How do you like the play?”→My sister asked me how I liked the play. 　　Tom asked me,“Who is the boy over there?”→Tom asked me,“Who was the boy over there?” 　　4.直接引语是祈使句,其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气),tell(一般语气),order (命令语气)或warn,advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成.如： 　　He said,“Please come here again tomorrow.”→He asked me to go there again the next day. 　　“Be careful with the dog.”→He warned me to be careful with the dog. 　　5.直接引语变间接引语时,如果引述动词为过去式,需注意时态的变化：如： 　　1) Betty said,“Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 现在进行时→ 　　Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.-过去进行时 　　2) He said,“I will go to London next week.” 一般将来时→ 　　He said he would go to London next week.过去将来时 　　3) My mother said,“I have already cleaned the house.” 现在完成时→ 　　My mother said she had already cleaned the house.过去完成时 　　注意: 　　1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,主句尽管是过去时态,变成间接引语时,时态仍然用一般现在时态.例如： 　　They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun. 　　2.直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化.如：this→that,these→those,now→then,today→that day,yesterday→the day before,last year→the year before,ago→before,here→there come→go等.例如： 　　He said,“I haven"t seen them today.” →He said that he hadn"t seen them that day. 　　但是,如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方,或在说话的当天,就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等.总之,对这些变化不能机械理解,应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化. 　　3.间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序.

一,直接引语和间接引语的定义:直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语.用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语.直接引语和间接引语专项练习：二,直接引语变为间接引语主要有以下几种情况:1. 直接引语是陈述句2. 直接引语是一般陈述句3. 直接引语是选择疑问句4. 直接引语是特殊疑问句5. 直接引语是祈使句直接引语是陈述句直接引语是陈述句,变成用连词that 引导的宾语从句.句中的时态,人称,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等要做相应的变化学习直接引语和间接引语1.直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）。—“What is it all about?”—“究竟是什么事呢？”—“Nothing serious, just a storm in a teacup.”—“没有什么，大惊小怪而已。”2.间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话，都叫做间接引语。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。He said that his hands were quite full at that moment.他说那时他忙得不可开交。3.直接引语和间接引语的转换1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号，用say that接宾语从句，said后，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。She said, “I am going to the market.”She said (that) she was going to the market.“What an interesting novel!”she said.She said that it was such an interesting novel.2) 转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号。用if/whether接宾语从句，改用陈述句语序。从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。

直接引语和间接引语的区别：直接引语，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是间接引语，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。间接引语大都是宾语从句，当直接引语为祈使句，陈述句，疑问句被转换成间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，时间，时间状语和地点状语等都要发生改变。间接引语其实就是我们所说的第三人称转述。

1、如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。2、如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为ask或asked，原问句变为由if/whether引导的宾语从句。例：“Do you think a diary can become your friend?”the writer says.→The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.3、如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。例：“What do you want?”he asked me.→ He asked me what I wanted.扩展资料间接引语中，引语的主语要使用宾格，动词要使用不定式，不定式的时态取决于引语、动词发生的时间与主句动词时间的先后性，不定式的性、数取决于间接引语的主语（如前所述，只用宾格）。如：执政官们认为奴隶们不该被释放。Consules sentiunt servos non esse liberandos.主句动词认为：sentiunt ，时态是现在时。间接引语中的动词是不定式 liberandos esse，是将来时，因为“被释放”的动作是发生在主句动词“认为”之后的。liberandos 的性（阳性）、数（复数）与间接引语的主语servos 保持一致。

直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话用有引号，而间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语改为间接引语时，引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变。关键要掌握下列“三要素”。 要素一：陈述句的间接引语——连接词用that，在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, ,等。例如： 1) He said: “I"ve left my book in my room.”→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2) She said: “He will be busy.”→ She said that he would be busy. 要素二： 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等，例如： She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→ She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 1) She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”→ She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 2) 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” → The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. 要素三：祈使句的间接引语——采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 told 即 asked sb. (not) to do sth. ordered warned 注意：引语中的呼语可改成宾语。引语中的please 去掉，动词改为 ask 1) The teacher said to the students, “Don"t waste your time.” → The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 2) The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→ The mother asked Tom to get up early. “五不变” 在直接引语变间接引语时，还要注意以下五种不变的特殊情况。 1． 直接引语如果是客观真理，谚（习）语，变间接引语时时态不变。例如： The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”→ The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”→ My father said practice makes perfect. 2. 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的，变间接引语时，时态保持不变，例如： The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”→ The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. He said, “We are still students."→ He said they are still students. 3． 直接引语如果有明确的表示过去的时间状语，时态不变。例如： He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”→ He told me that he was born in 1978. The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”→ The engineer said he was at college in 1967. 4．直接引语中凡有When， since，while 引导的从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句时态，从句的时态不变。例如： He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” → He said he had studied English since he was a boy. She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.→ She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”→ Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job. 5．如果直接引语中引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引导的虚拟宾语从句，变间接引语时，引语中的主从句时态都不变。例如： He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.→ He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately. She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→ She said he demanded that the girl leave at once. 另外，如果说话人转述自己的话，人称则可不变. 例如： I said to him, “I have finished it.”→I told him I had finished it. 如果就在当地转述, here不必变为there，come不必改为go，如果就在当天转述，则today, yesterday, tomorrow等状语也不必变化。例如： She said to us, I"ll come here tomorrow.”→ She told us she would come here tomorrow.

引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是直接引用别人原句，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话，且不能用引号，这是间接引语。1、直接引语如果表示客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。2、主句谓语为一般现在时，变间接引语时，若主句谓语时态不变仍为一般现在时，从句时态也不变。　　3、直接引语有明确表示时间的词语，变间接引语时，时态不变。4、若直接引语中含有could,must,should等情态动词，变间接引语时，时态不变。5、直接引述别人原话，叫直接引语。6、用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。

引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语.间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句.直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等. 　　1.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that 引导.例如： 　　She said,“I am very happy to be with you.” →She said (that) she was very happy to be with me. 　　He said,“I will choose a book for my students.” →He said(that)he would choose a book for his students. 　　2.直接引语是一般疑问句时,变成间接引语,由连词whether或if 引导.例如： 　　He asked me,“Do you like watching TV?”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV. 　　He asked,“Are you sure your mother will come?”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come. 　　注意：大多数情况下,if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换,但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether.例如： 　　She asked me whether or not he could do the work./ She asked me whether he could do the work or not. 　　3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的连接词who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where 等引导.例如： 　　He asked:“Where are you to get off,John?” →He asked John where he was to get off. 　　My sister asked me,“How do you like the play?”→My sister asked me how I liked the play. 　　Tom asked me,“Who is the boy over there?”→Tom asked me,“Who was the boy over there?” 　　4.直接引语是祈使句,其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气),tell(一般语气),order (命令语气)或warn,advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成.如： 　　He said,“Please come here again tomorrow.”→He asked me to go there again the next day. 　　“Be careful with the dog.”→He warned me to be careful with the dog. 　　5.直接引语变间接引语时,如果引述动词为过去式,需注意时态的变化：如： 　　1) Betty said,“Lingling is singing in the classroom now.” 现在进行时→ 　　Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.-过去进行时 　　2) He said,“I will go to London next week.” 一般将来时→ 　　He said he would go to London next week.过去将来时 　　3) My mother said,“I have already cleaned the house.” 现在完成时→ 　　My mother said she had already cleaned the house.过去完成时 　　注意: 　　1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,主句尽管是过去时态,变成间接引语时,时态仍然用一般现在时态.例如： 　　They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun. 　　2.直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化.如：this→that,these→those,now→then,today→that day,yesterday→the day before,last year→the year before,ago→before,here→there come→go等.例如： 　　He said,“I haven"t seen them today.” →He said that he hadn"t seen them that day. 　　但是,如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方,或在说话的当天,就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等.总之,对这些变化不能机械理解,应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化. 　　3.间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序.

一,直接引语和间接引语的定义: 直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语.用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语. 直接引语和间接引语专项练习： 二,直接引语变为间接引语主要有以下几种情况: 1.直接引语是陈述句 2.直接引语是一般陈述句 3.直接引语是选择疑问句 4.直接引语是特殊疑问句 5.直接引语是祈使句 直接引语是陈述句 直接引语是陈述句,变成用连词that 引导的宾语从句.句中的时态,人称, 指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等要做相应的变化 学习直接引语和间接引语 1.直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语,直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）. —“What is it all about?” —“究竟是什么事呢?” —“Nothing serious,just a storm in a teacup.” —“没有什么,大惊小怪而已.” 2.间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思,或引用自己说过的话, 都叫做间接引语.间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达. He said that his hands were quite full at that moment. 他说那时他忙得不可开交. 3.直接引语和间接引语的转换 1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号,用say that接宾语从句,said后,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. She said,“I am going to the market.” She said (that) she was going to the market. “What an interesting novel!”she said. She said that it was such an interesting novel. 2) 转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号.用if/whether接宾语从句,改用陈述句语序.从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. He asked,“You are a native,aren"t you?” He asked (me) it/whether I was a native. 3) 转述选择疑问句,去标点符号和引号,接whether...or引导的宾语从句,改用陈述句语序,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. He said,“Is this car Mr.Green"s or Mr.Brown"s?” He asked (me) whether that car was Mr.Green"s or Mr.Brown"s. 4) 转述特殊疑问句,去标点符号和引号,由原疑问词引导宾语从句,改用陈述句语序,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化. She said,“Where are you going?” She asked (me) where I was going.

uf06c 直接引语间接引语的区别 直接引语：直接引述别人的话（句子中有“”）. 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话,叫“间接引语”（句子中一般无“”） 二．直接引语变间接引语 A.一般不表示请求或祈使的句子改为一个宾语从句 1.连词 若直接引语引号里的内容是陈述句,那么改为间接时,要用连词 that (可以省略) ……………….一般疑问句,…….,要用连词 if/whether (不可以省略) ……………….特殊疑问句,…….,要用连词 wh- 即特殊疑问词本身（不可省） 2.变化 （1）主句动词的变化 一般说来,主句谓语动词常为said或said to,变为间接引语时,当直接引语是陈述句时,said不变.当直接引语是一般疑问句和特殊疑问句时,则要把said或said to变为asked / asked sb. （2）从句人称的变化 由直接引语变间接引语时,从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则.①直接引语的主语是第一人称变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致.②如果直接引语的主语是第二人称变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致.③如果直接引语的主语是第三人称变为间接引语时,人称不变.例如： ①They said, “We will go there by bus.” →They said they would go there by bus. ②She said to me, “Are you interested in science?” →She asked me if I was interested in science. ③His mother said to me, “He can"t go to school.” →His mother told me that he couldn"t go to school. （3）、从句动词时态的变化 a. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态.①一般现在时→一般过去时；②一般过去时→过去完成时；③现在进行时→过去进行时；④现在完成时→过去完成时；⑤过去完成时→过去完成时（不变）；⑥一般将来时→过去将来时.例如： The girl said, “I"m sorry for being late for class.” →The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class. b. 直接引语变为间接引语时,如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语从句的时态保持不变.例如： He says, “I have finished my homework.” →He says that he has finished his homework. She will say, “I"ll do it tomorrow.” →She will say that she"ll do it the next day. c. 直接引语如果是客观事实或真理,变为间接引语时,从句时态不变.例如： The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” →The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. （4）、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词的变化为this→that, these→those等；时间状语的变化为now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before, tomorrow→the next day等；地点状语的变化为here→there；动词的变化为come→go（go 不要变come）.例如： 1. She said, “I will come this evening.” →She said that she would go that evening. 2. He said, “My sister was here three days ago, but she is not here now.” →He said that his sister had been there three days before, but she was not there then. B.表示请求或祈使的句子改为句型tell/ask/order sb (not) to do sth 当直接引语引号里的内容表示要求时用tell sb (not) to do sth 当直接引语引号里的内容表示请求时用ask sb (not) to do sth 当直接引语引号里的内容表示强制要求时用order sb (not) to do sth

引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ ”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句（其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定式）。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引语时，句子的结构，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化，如何变化呢?1、人称的转变 1）直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：He said，“I am very sorry.” ——>He said that he was very sorry.2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：“You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.——>My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：She said to her son, “I"ll check your homework tonight.” ——>She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” ——>He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。2、时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下： 直接引语 间接引语 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 （不变） 过去进行时 过去完成进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 注意：情态动词的时态转换 can could may might must musthad to 例如：“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. ——>She said she was very glad to visit our school.Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” ——>Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” ——>Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?” ——>He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.“Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. ——>The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” ——>Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.” ——>Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.He said，“I haven"t heard from my parents these days.” ——>He said that he hadn"t heard from his parents those days.3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out.2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：He will say, “I"ll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his best to help me.3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如：He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994.4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——>He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——>Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect.7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如：例如：The doctor said, “You"d better drink plenty of water.” ——>The doctor said I"d better drink plenty of water.He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher.He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——>He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.The teacher said, “You needn"t hand in your compositions today.”——>The teacher said we needn"t/didn"t need to/didn"t have to hand in our compositions.She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine.〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如：Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon.Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor?Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化1）时间状语：直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语now （then）； tomorrow （the next / following day ）today (that day）； next week （the next / following week / month / year）yesterday（the day before） two days ago（ two days before ）last week /month/ year (the week/month/ year before) this week/month/year (that week/month/ year)2）指示代词：these 变成those3）地点状语：here变成thereShe said, “I won"t come here any more.”——> She said that she wouldn"t go there any more..4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take5、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that, 如：He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” ——>He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.He said, “I"ll give you an examination next Monday.”——>He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可说told that）此外主句中的谓语还常有：repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等，又如：He said，“I"m late because of the heavy traffic.”——> He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic.如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句，第一个连词可以省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”——>The doctor said（that）I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon.2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这一点非常重要。He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”——>He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.He said, “You are interested in English, aren"t you?”——>He asked whether I was interested in English.3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…. 如：He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”——>He asked me whether I spoke English or French..I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”——>I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如：He asked，“What"s your name?”——> He asked（me）what my name was.He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”——>He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如：He said，“Be seated, please.”——> He asked us to be seated.“Do be careful with your handwriting.” He said. ——>He told me to be careful with my handwriting.“Never come here again!” said the officer nearby. ——>The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again.“Don"t touch anything in the lab without permission,” the teacher said. ——>The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission.6）有些含有“建议”——>、“劝告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如：He said, “Let"s have a rest.”——> He suggested our having a rest.He said, “Let me help you.”——> He offered to help me.7）当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等形式转述。如：“Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. ——>He asked me to open the door.“Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us. ——>He advised us to go out for a walk. 或He suggested we go out for a walk.8）直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如：She said, “What a lovely day it is!”——> She said what a lovely day it was. 或She said that it was a lovely day.嵌套间接引语的从句：如果间接引语当中还镶嵌有另一句从句，则被称为嵌套间接引语的从句，英文叫：the subordinate clause in indirect statement。这时，这样的从句要使用虚拟语气。从句动词的时态与主句动词的时态相关联。如：Dux dicebat militem qui fugisset poenas daturum esse. 统帅曾常说，那个逃跑的士兵将要受到惩罚。qui fugisset[逃跑] 是一句关系从句，修饰militem “士兵”，由于处在dicebat [说]后面的间接引语当中，因此需使用虚拟语气。间接引语的动词是不定式 daturum esse[将受到]，为将来时，因为动作发生在主句动词“说”之后，而 fugisset [逃跑]为虚拟语气的过去完成时，表示在统帅“说话”之前已经逃走了。

、 什么是直接引语和间接引语。“直接引语”是指在文中直接引用别人的原话。而“间接引语”是用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话。在语文写作中，我们经常会遇到将直接引语与间接引语进行转换的情况。二、直接引语怎样转换为间接引语。直接引语转换为间接引语时，不管提示语在哪里（前、后、中），都应该将提示语写道前面来。例：小明说：“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，”小明说，“我今天不到奶奶家去。”改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。“下雨了，我今天不到奶奶家去。”小明说。改为：小明说下雨了，他今天不到奶奶家去。1、标点符号的转换：直接引语转换成间接引语，标点符号遵循“两去两改”的原则。去掉冒号和引号。感叹号、问号都改成句号。例：他笑着问小姑娘：“小朋友，拾到什么好东西？”改为：他笑着问小姑娘拾到什么好东西。2、人称的转换：a、直接引语中出现了第三人称，改写为间接引语时，人称代词不用改变。直接将句子整理通顺即可。例：妈妈说：“小明到外婆家去了。”改为：妈妈说小明到外婆家去了。b、直接引语中出现了第一人称的时候，改写为间接引语时，要将第一人称改为第三人称。例：小云说：“我不玩了。”改为：小云说他不玩了。C、直接引语中出现的是第二人称的时候，要将句中的第二人称改为第一人称。例：妈妈这样说：“是啊，现在你是强者，是勇敢的人啦！”改为：妈妈说我现在是强者，是勇敢的人了。d、直接引语中同时出现了不同人称的时候，就应该根据以上的各项进行改写。例：老师十分和蔼地对她说：“我们为该剧设计了一个旁白，你的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望你担任这个叙述者的角色。”改为：老师十分和蔼地对她说他们为该剧设计了一个旁白，她的口齿清楚，音色柔美，希望她担任这个叙述者的角色。